and Learning Interesting Facts The Western North Region, created in 2019 from part of the old Western Region, is one of Ghana’s newest administrative areas. Rich in tropical forests, fertile soils, and rural communities, the region continues to uphold traditional hunting practices. In Western North, hunting remains a vital part of rural life, providing food, supporting small economies, and maintaining strong cultural links to the land and wildlife. Geography and Natural Features of Western North for Hunting Western North is predominantly covered by dense tropical rainforests, with fertile farmland and several rivers, including the Tano and Bia Rivers. It is home to important ecological sites like the Bia National Park, Boin Forest Reserve, and parts of the Krokosua Hills Forest Reserve. These forested landscapes offer ideal habitats for a range of animal species, though increasing farming, mining, and logging activities are impacting wildlife populations. Specificities of Hunting in Western North Hunting in Western North is primarily subsistence-based, though bushmeat sales also contribute significantly to household incomes. Hunters typically use traditional methods such as traps, snares, slingshots, bows and arrows, and locally manufactured firearms. Tracking skills, deep forest knowledge, and the use of hunting dogs are widespread. Hunting tends to peak during the dry season, when movement through the forest is easier and animals are more visible near remaining water sources. Hunters and Demographics in Western North Hunting is generally practiced by adult men in farming communities. Boys learn hunting techniques early, through family apprenticeship and practical experience. Women are essential to the processing, smoking, and sale of bushmeat, especially in local markets in towns like Sefwi Wiawso, Bibiani, and Enchi. For many families, bushmeat is not just a food source but also a valuable commodity that supports education, healthcare, and other needs. Types of Game and Hunting in Western North Medium to large game: Bushbuck, Maxwell’s duiker, grasscutters (cane rats), and occasionally forest buffalo outside protected areas. Small game: Porcupines, monitor lizards, squirrels, and hares are commonly hunted. Birds: Hornbills, pigeons, guinea fowl, and francolins are hunted near farmlands and forest edges. Aquatic species: Frogs, crabs, and turtles are caught from streams and wetland areas. Protected species: Elephants, chimpanzees, pangolins, and certain monkey species are protected under national law. Hunting Seasons in Western North The region follows the national hunting calendar set by Ghana’s Wildlife Division: Open season: 1st August to 31st December, during which hunting of non-protected species is legally allowed. Closed season: 1st January to 31st July, established to help wildlife breed and replenish their populations. Most hunting occurs during the dry months, typically from November through March, when bush paths are more accessible and animal movements are easier to track. Hunting Structures and Local Organization in Western North Hunting practices are often overseen by traditional authorities—chiefs, elders, and land custodians—who manage community hunting rights and resolve conflicts. Sacred groves and certain forest patches are protected by taboos, serving as informal conservation areas. Wildlife rangers monitor protected zones like Bia National Park, while NGOs and government agencies work with local communities to promote wildlife education and sustainable hunting alternatives. Hunting Legislation in Western North Ghana’s Wildlife Conservation Regulations (LI 685) apply fully in Western North. Hunting protected species is illegal, and all hunting must comply with licensing and seasonal regulations. Prohibited methods include the use of poison, explosives, and unregulated bushfires. Enforcement efforts are stronger around protected areas but vary in remote communities. Awareness campaigns and community engagement are key strategies for promoting compliance and protecting endangered species. Hunting Traditions in Western North Hunting traditions remain strong among ethnic groups like the Sefwi, Akan (Aowin and Anyin), and others. Hunting is often viewed as a mark of bravery, maturity, and wisdom. Hunters are respected figures within their communities, and their skills are celebrated through storytelling, dances, and festivals. Some families maintain hunting shrines or sacred spots where rituals are performed to seek success before embarking on major hunts. Sacred forests and animals considered totems are strictly protected by tradition. Interesting Facts about Hunting in Western North Grasscutter farming is growing rapidly as a sustainable alternative to traditional bushmeat hunting. The Bia National Park hosts one of Ghana’s richest biodiversity areas, though hunting is strictly forbidden inside the park. Hunters often use herbal concoctions to mask human scent while stalking prey in dense forests. Community-protected sacred groves around towns like Sefwi Anhwiaso and Awaso help conserve critical wildlife habitats. Some communities organize annual hunting festivals, blending cultural pride with practical hunting demonstrations. In the Western North Region, hunting continues to represent a powerful link between tradition, survival, and conservation. As rural communities face modern environmental challenges, integrating traditional knowledge with contemporary conservation practices offers a sustainable path forward. By supporting community-based wildlife management and sustainable livelihood alternatives, Western North can protect both its rich cultural heritage and its invaluable natural ecosystems.