Hunting Seasons in Maryland, USA: Leases, Seasons, Open and Close Dates, Licenses, Rules for Hunting

General Hunting Rules and Season Dates in Maryland Hunting in Maryland is managed by the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) to maintain wildlife populations and ensure safety. The main hunting seasons are divided into fall, winter, and spring , with specific dates varying by species and region. Season dates change slightly each year based on animal behavior, migration patterns, and environmental factors. For example, white-tailed deer hunting usually runs from early October through January, depending on the county. Maryland’s location between northern and southern states influences its hunting calendar. Compared to neighboring West Virginia, turkey season opens later here, which affects cross-border hunting plans. In recent years, there have been adjustments to waterfowl hunting seasons due to population changes, as well as new youth hunting opportunities introduced to encourage participation among younger hunters. Hunting Seasonality of Hunting in Maryland Maryland has several key hunting seasons: Fall: White-tailed deer, black bear, wild turkey, and small game such as pheasant and rabbit. Winter: Continued deer hunting and the start of waterfowl hunting. Spring: Focus shifts to wild turkeys — the most popular season for many hunters. Each season offers unique opportunities. Big game hunting requires more skill and preparation than small game. For instance, deer hunting is split into archery, firearms, and late bait seasons. The best times to hunt align with peak animal activity. Deer are most active during early morning and evening hours in November and December. Spring brings increased turkey movement, especially early in the day when males respond to calls. Maryland also hosts hunting-related events like “Youth Turkey Hunt” and “Waterfowl Weekend,” which promote responsible hunting and provide learning opportunities. Restrictions and Bans on Hunting in Maryland Maryland enforces rules that limit the sex and age of animals that can be hunted. For example, taking does (female deer) is restricted in certain counties to help sustain populations. There are also antler restrictions for bucks. Some species are fully protected and cannot be hunted, including lynx, bald eagles, and certain owl species. Violating these protections leads to heavy fines and penalties. There are time-based restrictions tied to breeding seasons. For example, turkey hunting is banned during nesting periods in late April and early May. Most hunting is prohibited during summer months (June–August), except for limited educational hunts under supervision. How to Obtain a Hunting License in Maryland To legally hunt in Maryland, you must obtain a valid license. Residents and non-residents can apply through the DNR. Required documents include photo ID and proof of completion of a Hunter Education Course. License types include: Annual resident license (~$25) Non-resident license (~$100) One-day or species-specific permits (~$5–$15) Joining local clubs like the Maryland Bowhunters Association or National Wild Turkey Federation provides access to private lands, training, and better hunting opportunities. Private land hunting is allowed with written permission from the landowner, which must be kept on file with DNR. Penalties and Liability for Breaking Hunting Rules in Maryland Violating hunting laws in Maryland carries serious consequences. Fines vary depending on the offense: Hunting without a license: $500–$1,000. Killing a protected species: up to $2,500 and confiscation of equipment. Repeat violations may result in loss of hunting rights for up to five years Illegal firearm use or poaching can lead to criminal charges. Always follow current regulations published by the DNR to avoid legal issues. Tips for Choosing Time, Location, Gear, and Tactics Based on Seasons Success in Maryland hunting depends heavily on timing, location, and proper gear. For deer, hunt during dawn or dusk in November–December. Use blinds, decoys, and scent control. Turkey season peaks in spring — focus on early mornings using calls and camouflage. Choose terrain wisely: central forests suit deer, while coastal areas are ideal for waterfowl. Use appropriate clothing and tools per season. In fall, wear layered camo; in winter, add thermal protection; in spring, prioritize waterproof gear and insect repellent. Tactics vary: Spring: Call-based hunting for turkeys Fall: Stands and trail tracking for deer Winter: Spot-and-stalk methods in open areas Understanding seasonal behaviors and having the right setup increases your success rate.