Hunting Seasons in NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR (Canada): Key Hunting Periods, Essential Regulations, and Required Licenses

Newfoundland and Labrador is a premier hunting destination in Canada, offering diverse game species and vast wilderness. However, strict regulations govern hunting seasons, licenses, and permitted methods. This guide provides accurate, up-to-date information for hunters planning a trip to the region. Understanding Hunting Seasons in Newfoundland and Labrador Hunting seasons in Newfoundland and Labrador vary by species and region. Key seasons include big game such as moose, black bear, and caribou, which are typically hunted from September to December. Small game like snowshoe hare and grouse can usually be hunted from September to March, while waterfowl such as ducks and geese are generally available from September to early January. The provincial government sets these seasons based on wildlife population data, conservation needs, and ecological factors. The Department of Fisheries, Forestry, and Agriculture (FFA) publishes annual updates to ensure sustainable management of wildlife resources. There are also notable regional variations across the province. In Labrador, caribou hunting seasons tend to be longer due to larger herds, whereas on Newfoundland Island, moose quotas are stricter because of higher hunting pressure. Climate plays a significant role too—earlier snowfalls in Labrador may shorten late-season hunting opportunities. Compared to other Canadian regions such as Alberta or British Columbia, Newfoundland has no elk or deer hunting, and its moose seasons are shorter than those in Quebec but more strictly regulated. Over the years, there have been important changes to hunting policies: moose hunting quotas have tightened since the 2000s due to overharvesting, and caribou seasons were restricted in some zones after population declines were observed. Key Seasons and Game Activity in Newfoundland and Labrador When it comes to specific game types, big game hunting includes moose from mid-September to early December depending on the zone, black bears during both spring (April–May) and fall (September–November), and caribou through limited draws mostly between September and October. The best periods for success are often linked to animal behavior: moose are most active during their rut in late September, while bears are highly active in spring after hibernation and again in fall before denning. For small game and upland birds, snowshoe hare can be hunted from October to March, and ruffed and spruce grouse from September to December. Waterfowl hunting follows migratory patterns, with ducks and geese typically available from September to early January under federal migratory bird regulations. The region also celebrates its rich hunting culture through festivals and events. The Newfoundland Moose Festival in Rodney’s Landing is a lively celebration of the island’s iconic moose hunt, featuring antler-carving competitions, moose-calling contests, and workshops on sustainable hunting practices—all set against Newfoundland’s rugged coastal backdrop. Labrador Caribou Days offers a deeper insight into Inuit and Innu hunting traditions, including cultural demonstrations such as caribou hide tanning, traditional meat preparation, and storytelling sessions under the northern lights. Restrictions and Ethical Considerations However, several bans and restrictions must be respected. Certain sex and age restrictions apply—for example, cubs and females with cubs cannot be hunted in the case of black bears. Some species are fully protected, including lynx, wolverine, and eagles, while certain woodland caribou herds are subject to special restrictions. Breeding season closures are also enforced, particularly for spring bear hunts, which are allowed but carefully regulated to avoid orphaning cubs. Getting the Right Licenses and Permits in Newfoundland and Labrador To legally hunt in Newfoundland and Labrador, all hunters must obtain a Wildlife Identification Number (WIN), along with either a resident or non-resident license depending on their status. Fees differ accordingly, and big game species such as moose and caribou require lottery applications with deadlines typically in spring. Hunting clubs and organizations like the Newfoundland and Labrador Wildlife Federation offer valuable resources and advocacy for local and visiting hunters. Non-residents often need to book guided hunts through licensed outfitters. Violating hunting regulations can lead to serious consequences. Hunting out of season may result in fines of up to $25,000 CAD and the revocation of hunting privileges. Illegally taking protected species could even lead to criminal charges. Tips for a Successful and Ethical Hunt in Newfoundland and Labrador For a successful hunt, experts recommend careful planning around the best times and locations. Moose are often targeted in western Newfoundland during the rut season, black bears in southern Labrador during spring baiting, and waterfowl on the Avalon Peninsula during fall migration. Essential gear includes snow camouflage for late-season hare and grouse hunts, and moose calls which prove effective during the rut in late September. Weather preparedness is crucial—Labrador’s early winters demand insulated clothing and equipment, while coastal Newfoundland is known for its wet conditions, making waterproof clothing essential. Newfoundland and Labrador offer exceptional hunting opportunities, but strict regulations ensure sustainability. Always verify season dates with the Department of Fisheries, Forestry, and Agriculture before planning your hunt. Responsible hunting helps preserve wildlife for future generations.