Ernest Hemingway and the Leopard Photo: A Story of Myth. One of the most iconic images of Ernest Hemingway shows the famed American author standing triumphantly beside the carcass of a large leopard in the African bush, a rifle slung over his shoulder. Dressed in safari gear, his expression is characteristically stoic—confident, weathered, and self-assured. The photograph, taken during his 1933–1934 African safari, has long been interpreted as a testament to Hemingway’s prowess as a big-game hunter, reinforcing his public image as a rugged adventurer and master of the wild. But the truth behind the image is far more nuanced—and revealing—than the myth it helped create. The Leopard That Wasn’t His Contrary to popular belief, Hemingway did not shoot the leopard in the photograph. At the time the photo was taken, he had actually failed to bring down the animal himself. The leopard had been killed by Mayito Menocal, a young Cuban friend and fellow member of the safari party. Hemingway, ever the showman and keenly aware of image, posed with the trophy anyway—capturing a moment that would be remembered as a personal triumph, even though it was not. This detail underscores a recurring theme in Hemingway’s life: the blurring of fact and fiction, not only in his writing but in the persona he cultivated. The photo became a symbol of the Hemingway legend—the hunter, the man of action, the conqueror of nature. Yet behind the pose was a man who, on that particular day, had come up short. It wasn’t until three months later that Hemingway finally succeeded in shooting a leopard of his own, an achievement he would later recount with pride in Green Hills of Africa, his 1935 nonfiction account of the African safari. The Rifle: A Beloved Weapon with a Troubled Fate The rifle slung over Hemingway’s shoulder in the famous photo is a Griffin & Howe .30-06 bolt-action rifle, serial number 956. He purchased it in 1930 from Abercrombie & Fitch in New York for $256.50—a significant sum at the time. Custom-built for precision and durability, the rifle was fitted with a telescopic sight and tailored to Hemingway’s preferences for African hunting. Interestingly, the rifle originally came with a side-mounted diopter sight, which Hemingway removed shortly after acquiring it. He reportedly never used it, preferring open or telescopic sights for long-range shooting. The Griffin & Howe became one of his favorite firearms, accompanying him on multiple safaris and used to take a variety of game, including kudu, eland, and buffalo. A Legacy Interrupted by Tragedy Two years after Hemingway’s suicide in 1961, his widow, Mary Hemingway, attempted to part with the rifle. In 1963, she consigned it to Abercrombie & Fitch with instructions to sell it for $150. However, in a moment of reconsideration, she changed her mind and reclaimed the weapon—perhaps struck by its emotional and historical weight as a relic of her late husband’s adventurous life. Eventually, Mary passed the rifle down to their son, Patrick Hemingway, who had accompanied his father on later hunting trips and shared his passion for the outdoors. Patrick used the rifle just once: in 1967, while hunting in Montana, he successfully took a moose with his father’s old .30-06—a poignant moment of continuity between father and son. In the late 1970s Griffin & Howe .30-06 was stolen from Patrick Hemingway’s home in Montana during a burglary. Despite efforts to track it down, the weapon has never been recovered. Its disappearance remains one of the enduring mysteries in Hemingway lore. Over the years, a persistent rumor has circulated that the stolen rifle—along with other firearms taken in the same heist—was smuggled out of the United States and sent to the Irish Republican Army (IRA)during the height of The Troubles in Northern Ireland. Some speculate it was part of a larger cache of American weapons funneled to Irish republican paramilitaries through sympathetic networks. While there is no verifiable evidence to confirm this theory, the idea that Hemingway’s rifle might have ended up in a conflict far removed from the African savanna adds a layer of irony and melancholy to its story.
Post: 21 August 22:49
