Hunting Seasons in Benin’s COLLINES Region: Hunting Periods, Licenses, Rules, Dates and Times for Hunting

Hunting in West Africa is not only a traditional activity or a means of subsistence but also an important part of maintaining ecological balance. In Benin, especially in the Collines region, hunting seasons are clearly defined, based on climatic conditions, animal biology and international conservation agreements. Below we look at the key aspects of hunting in this region. General Rules and Hunting Periods in Benin’s Collines Region In the Collines region, the hunting year is divided into two main periods: the open season and the closed season . Hunting is generally permitted from September 15 to January 31 annually. This schedule is determined by animal breeding cycles and weather conditions. Regulation of hunting dates is managed by the Ministry of Forestry and Environmental Protection of Benin. The determination of these dates depends on several factors: Climatic features: Collines has clear dry and rainy seasons. Hunting is only possible during the dry season when animals move more actively. Landscape: the plains and hills of the region create favorable conditions for hunting large game such as antelopes and wild boars. International differences: neighboring countries (Niger, Togo) have their own schedules; for example, in Niger the season may be shorter due to harsher conditions. Over the past 10 years, there have been significant changes in Benin's legislation. In particular, a new hunting code was adopted in 2017, which tightened control over the issuance of licenses and extended closed seasons. Hunting Seasonality, Types of Game and Months of Hunting In Collines, there are two main seasons: Small game season (birds, hares, small rodents): usually from October to January. Big game hunting season (antelopes, buffaloes, boars): starts mid-September and ends early February. Differences in animal activity depend on the time of year: Antelopes and boars are most accessible in late September to early October, when herds gather at watering holes. Birds, such as ostriches and quails, are best hunted in November and December, when temperatures drop. Special attention should be paid to hunting festivals held in the region. For example, in November, the traditional "Djougou Hunt" festival is held, combining sports competitions and cultural events. Conservation Laws, Bans and Restrictions on Hunting To prevent species extinction in the Collines region, strict restrictions apply: It is prohibited to hunt females with cubs , as well as young animals before they reach sexual maturity. The list of protected species includes elephants, giraffes, black panthers and certain bird species. Their hunting is punishable by law. Temporary restrictions apply to animal breeding: from March to August, hunting is completely banned in most parts of the region. There are also catch limits: one hunter can harvest no more than three large game animals and five small ones per season. Hunting Permit in Benin’s Collines Region For legal hunting in the region, you must obtain a hunting license , issued by the Ministry of Forestry. The application process includes the following steps: Submitting an application to the local wildlife protection office. Providing documents: ID, firearm handling certificate, medical insurance. Paying the state fee (in 2024 — about 50 euros). Receiving a permit valid for one season. Most hunters work through local hunting clubs , which help organize tours, rent equipment, and provide experienced guides. Consequences of Violating Hunting Seasons Violating hunting rules in the Collines region can lead to serious consequences: Fines ranging from 50 to 500 euros for illegal shooting. Confiscation of weapons and equipment. Loss of the right to obtain a license for up to 5 years. In case of poaching — criminal liability with possible imprisonment. Control is carried out by the nature conservation service together with the police and representatives of environmental organizations. Tips for Hunters of Choosing Time, Place and Tactics Successful hunting in Collines requires careful preparation: Best time – early morning and evening, when animals come to water. Hunting areas – the banks of the Mono and Zou rivers, where there is plenty of game and good conditions for stalking. Equipment should be adapted to the hot climate: comfortable clothing, insect protection, reliable weapon (preferably .308 caliber rifle). Tactics depend on the type of game: for birds, camouflage and calls are effective; for large animals – approaches from the downwind side. It is also important to follow ethics: do not shoot animals outside the season, do not make noise, do not leave trash. This will help preserve animal populations and ensure future generations can enjoy hunting.