Hunting Seasons in the SOUTHERN NATIONS, NATIONALITIES, and PEOPLES' (SNNP) region, Ethiopia: Dates of Hunting, Rules and Periods, Penalties for Violating Hunting, Time and Location

The Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' (SNNP) region is one of the most biologically diverse areas in Ethiopia, making it a prime destination for hunters worldwide. However, hunting here is strictly regulated by national laws, with seasons and rules influenced by numerous factors. In this article, we’ll cover everything you need to know about hunting periods, licensing, restrictions, and the best times for successful hunts. Hunting Rules and Periods in the SNNP Region, Key Features In the SNNP region, the hunting season typically opens in early October and closes in mid-March. These dates are set considering the area’s ecological conditions — the rainy season lasts from June to September, after which the dry season begins, making travel and hunting more accessible. The exact dates are established by Ethiopia's Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, with possible adjustments based on weather patterns and wildlife population dynamics. The region’s climate plays a major role in determining hunting seasons. Characterized by mountainous terrain, tropical forests, savannahs, and rivers, SNNP provides unique habitats for wildlife. Compared to neighboring regions like Oromia or Somali, where seasonal changes are more extreme, SNNP experiences subtler variations, yet these still influence hunting schedules. Over recent years, Ethiopia has implemented reforms in wildlife management. Licensing procedures have become stricter, penalties for poaching have increased, and monitoring of protected species has been strengthened. Hunting Seasons in SNNP The year in SNNP can be divided into two main seasons: wet (June–September) and dry (October–May). Most hunting expeditions occur during the dry season, as animals gather around water sources, making them easier to observe and track. Large game (e.g., rhinos, antelopes, bushbucks) is most active during early morning and late evening hours. Small game (birds, rodents) is commonly found in transitional zones between forest and savannah. The best time for hunting is from October to January, when water levels drop and animals congregate in smaller areas. Also worth noting are local hunting festivals, such as the “Hunter’s Day” near Lanche, held in November. Prohibitions and Restrictions, What Animals Can’t Be Hunted in SNNP Ethiopian law protects several endangered species. Among those completely off-limits are the black rhino, elephant, certain bird species, and primates. Hunting these animals is strictly forbidden. Additional restrictions include. Prohibition of hunting females with offspring. Ban on shooting young animals before they reach maturity. Certain areas are closed to hunting during breeding seasons (typically June–August). A full ban on hunting applies within national parks and reserves such as Murele or Bale Mountains. Hunting Permit in the SNNP Region Acquiring a hunting license in Ethiopia involves several mandatory steps. Foreign hunters must apply through the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources or via accredited local hunting clubs. The process includes: Submitting an application stating the purpose of the hunt. Providing proof of experience and medical insurance. Paying government fees and licensing charges. Most foreign hunters are advised to work with local hunting organizations that assist with paperwork, logistics, and guided tours. Penalties for Violating Hunting Regulations in SNNP Violating hunting regulations, hunting without a permit, or killing protected species is severely punished under Ethiopian law. Fines range from $500 to $5,000, and repeat offenders may face deportation or criminal prosecution. Trophy trade is also closely monitored — each trophy must be documented and registered. Ethiopia collaborates with international conservation agencies, so violations may lead to long-term consequences, including entry bans. Choosing the Right Time, Location, Gear, and Tactics for Hunting in SNNP Your choice of timing and location depends on the target species and environmental conditions. In mountainous areas, long-range weapons and stealthy approaches are recommended. On open plains, ambush or decoy techniques are often more effective. Gear should be adapted to local conditions: sturdy boots, insect protection, navigation tools. It’s also important to consider seasonal behavior — by the end of the dry season, animals travel greater distances in search of water, making them harder to locate. Planning your hunt with an experienced guide familiar with the terrain and animal behavior significantly increases your chances of success while ensuring compliance with all regulations.